The shape of the castle varies from country to country. I think that Japanese castles are unique. These were built between the 16th and 19th centuries.
There are 12 towers of the castles which the original ones before the Meiji Restoration in 1868 remain.
Matsumoto Castle in Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture is one such example.
Nagoya Castle and Hiroshima Castle were lost due to the war damage in 1945. I think it is very disappointing that the historic buildings were lost due to the man-made disaster of war.

The 12 original castle towers
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Hirosaki Castle (Aomori Pref.)
Matsumoto Castle (Nagano Pref.)
Maruoka Castle (Fukui Pref.)
Inuyama Castle (Aichi Pref.)
Hikone Castle (Shiga Pref.)
Himeji Castle (Hyogo Pref.)
Matsue Castle (Shimane Pref.)
Bitchu Matsuyama Castle (Okayama Pref.)
Marugame Castle (Kagawa Pref.)
Iyo Matsuyama Castle (Ehime Pref.)
Uwajima Catle (Ehime Pref.)
Kochi Castle (Kochi Pref.)
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